This second edition showcases cutting-edge applications of carbon-based nanomaterials, with a particular focus on wastewater contaminant removal, introducting advanced carbon nanoadsorbents such as carbon quantum dots and 3D graphene structures. The book presents updated insights into water treatment technologies, drug delivery systems, and nanosensors. Chapters cover adsorption mechanisms, the properties and environmental uses of various carbon nanomaterials, kinetic and equilibrium modeling, and emerging instrumental techniques. A newly added chapter explores the use of mathematical and AI-driven models to optimize adsorption processes. With a strong emphasis on practical applications, this book is an essential resource for students and researchers exploring the real-world potential of carbon nanomaterials as nanoadsorbents.